RESUMEN
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 disease 2019 (COVID-19) has rapidly spread worldwide since December 2019. An acute respiratory distress syndrome develops in a relevant rate of patients, who require hospitalization. Among them, a nonnegligible rate of 9.8% to 15.2% of patients requires tracheal intubation for invasive ventilation. We report the case of a pneumomediastinum and subcutaneous emphysema developing in a COVID-19 patient secondary to postintubation tracheal injury. The management of COVID-19 patients can be challenging due to the risk of disease transmission to caregivers and epidemic spread. We performed a bedside tracheal injury surgical repair, after failure of conservative management, with resolution of pneumomediastinum and subcutaneous emphysema and improvement of the patient's conditions.
Asunto(s)
Betacoronavirus , Infecciones por Coronavirus/terapia , Intubación Intratraqueal/efectos adversos , Enfisema Mediastínico/cirugía , Neumonía Viral/terapia , Enfisema Subcutáneo/cirugía , Procedimientos Quirúrgicos Torácicos/métodos , Tráquea/lesiones , Anciano , COVID-19 , Infecciones por Coronavirus/epidemiología , Humanos , Masculino , Enfisema Mediastínico/diagnóstico , Enfisema Mediastínico/etiología , Cuello , Pandemias , Neumonía Viral/epidemiología , SARS-CoV-2 , Enfisema Subcutáneo/diagnóstico , Enfisema Subcutáneo/etiología , Tomografía Computarizada por Rayos XRESUMEN
Despite the current pandemic season, reports on pathologic features of coronavirus disease 19 (Covid-19) are exceedingly rare at the present time. Here we describe the pathologic features of early lung involvement by Covid-19 in a surgical sample resected for carcinoma from a patient who developed SARS-CoV-2 infection soon after surgery. The main histologic findings observed were pneumocyte damage, alveolar hemorrhages with clustering of macrophages, prominent and diffuse neutrophilic margination within septal vessels, and interstitial inflammatory infiltrates, mainly represented by CD8+ T lymphocytes. These features are similar to those previously described in SARS-CoV-1 infection. Subtle histologic changes suggestive pulmonary involvement by Covid-19 may be accidentally encountered in routine pathology practice, especially when extensive sampling is performed for histology. These findings should be carefully interpreted in light of the clinical context of the patient and could prompt a pharyngeal swab PCR test to rule out the possibility of SARS-CoV-2 infection in asymptomatic patients.